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Added macro system section
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@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
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- [Generated Files](#generated-files)
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- [Interpreter](#interpreter)
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- [Language Details](#language-details)
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- [Macro Systems](#macro-systems)
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- [Debugging](#debugging)
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- [Multithreaded Programming](#multithreaded-programming)
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- [Thread Safety](#thread-safety)
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- [Foreign Function Interface](#foreign-function-interface)
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@ -160,6 +162,48 @@ A [R<sup>7</sup>RS Compliance Chart](Scheme-Language-Compliance.md) lists differ
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[API Documentation](API.md) is available for the libraries provided by Cyclone.
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# Macro Systems
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## Overview
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Cyclone provides two macro systems.
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High-level hygienic macros may be created using `syntax-rules`. This system is based on a template language specified by R<sup>7</sup>RS. The specification goes into more detail on how to work with these macros.
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(define-syntax when
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(syntax-rules ()
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((when test result1 result2 ...)
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(if test
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(begin result1 result2 ...)))))
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Alternatively a low-level explicit renaming (ER) macros system is also provided that allows defining macros using Scheme code, in a similar manner as `defmacro`. This macro system provides the convenience functions `(rename identifier)` to hygienically rename an identifier and `(compare identifier1 identifier2)` to compare two identifiers.
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(define-syntax when
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(er-macro-transformer
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(lambda (exp rename compare)
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(if (null? (cdr exp)) (error/loc "empty when" exp))
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(if (null? (cddr exp)) (error/loc "no when body" exp))
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`(if ,(cadr exp)
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((lambda () ,@(cddr exp)))))))
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## Debugging
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- A file may be compiled with the `-t` option which will write all of the intermediate transformations - including macro expansions - out to the `.c` file.
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- From the interpreter one can use `expand`:
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cyclone> (expand '(when #t (+ 1 2 3)) *global-environment* '())
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(if #t ((lambda () (+ 1 2 3))) )
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- Alternatively when developing an ER macro, since its just a Scheme function, the macro can be defined as a `lambda` and passed a quoted expression to debug.
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(pretty-print
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((lambda (exp rename compare)
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(if (null? (cdr exp)) (error/loc "empty when" exp))
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(if (null? (cddr exp)) (error/loc "no when body" exp))
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`(if ,(cadr exp)
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((lambda () ,@(cddr exp)))))
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'(when #t (write 1) (write 2)) #f #f))
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# Multithreaded Programming
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## Overview
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