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119 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
119 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
# gint project
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gint (pronounce 'guin') is a development system for Casio fx-9860G II and
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fx-CG 50 calculators. It provides a mostly free-standing runtime and is used
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to develop add-ins under Linux, along with specialized GCC toolchains and the
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[fxSDK](/Lephenixnoir/fxsdk).
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gint is a modular kernel that implements its own drivers for the calculator's
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hardware, overriding the operating system and its syscalls. It is a drop-in
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replacement from fxlib, with which it is mostly incompatible. gint exposes a
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new, richer API to manipulate the hardware and take advantage of the full
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capabilities of the machine.
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This is free software: you may use it for any purpose, share it, and modify it
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as long as you share your changes. Credit is not required, but please let me
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know!
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gint also includes third-party code that is distributed under its own license.
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Currently, this only includes:
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* A stripped-down version of the [TinyMT random number generator](http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/TINYMT/index.html)
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([GitHub repository](https://github.com/MersenneTwister-Lab/TinyMT)) by
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Mutsuo Saito and Makoto Matsumoto. See `src/std/tinymt32/LICENSE.txt`.
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## Programming interface
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Because of its free-standing design, gint's API provides direct and efficient
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access to the low-level MPU features, among which:
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* Multi-key management with event systems suitable for games
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* Hardware timers with sub-millisecond and sub-microsecond resolution
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* Fast screen drivers with DMAC on fx-CG 50
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* Efficient and user-extendable interrupt management
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The library also offers powerful higher-level features:
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* An enhanced version of the system's GetKey() and GetKeyWait()
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* A gray engine that works by rapidly swapping monochrome images on fx-9860G II
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* Blazingly fast drawing functions when working with the fxSDK (image rendering
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is 10 times faster than MonochromeLib)
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* Integrated font management with the fxSDK
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* Integration with a Newlib port by Memallox (WIP)
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## Building and installing gint
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You can choose to build gint for fx-9860G II (monochrome calculators, aka
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Graph 85 family), fx-CG 50 (color calculators, aka Prizm or Graph 90 family),
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or both. There are a few dependencies:
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* A suitable GCC toolchain in the `PATH`. You can absolutely *not* build gint
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with your system compiler!
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* The tutorial on Planète Casio builds an `sh-elf` that works everywhere
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* For fx-9860G II, `sh3eb-elf` is strongly advised
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* For fx-CG 50, `sh4eb-elf` (with `-m4-nofpu`) is slightly better but
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`sh3eb-elf` is completely fine
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* The [fxSDK](/Lephenixnoir/fxsdk) installed and available in the PATH. You
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will need `fxconv` to build gint, and if you intend to develop add-ins for
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fx-9860G II, you probably want `fxg1a` as well. All these tools are built by
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default.
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fx-CG 50 developers probably want a g3a wrapper as well; the reference
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implementation is Tari's [mkg3a](https://gitlab.com/taricorp/mkg3a). This is
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needed at the very last compilation step to create the g3a file. On Arch Linux,
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you can use the [AUR/mkg3a](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mkg3a) package
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maintained directly by Tari.
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The build process is detailed below for both platforms, the principle is the
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same. You can build both targets at the same time by reading the two sections.
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By default gint will be installed in the appropriate compiler folder, which
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is `$PREFIX/` for libraries and linker scripts, and `$PREFIX/include/gint/` for
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headers, where `PREFIX` is obtained by running
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`${toolchain}-gcc --print-search-dirs` and reading the line that starts with
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`install:`. You can change this with the `--prefix` configure option, but
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normally you don't need to.
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### Building for fx-9860G II
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Create a build directory and configure in it:
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% mkdir build.fx && cd build.fx
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% ../configure --target=fx9860g
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Then build the source and install the library files to the selected directory.
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You might need root access if you selected a target directory owned by root
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with `--prefix`, or if you built your compiler as root.
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% make
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% make install
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### Building for fx-CG 50
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Create a build directory and configure in it. The default toolchain is
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`sh4eb-elf`, if you wish to build with `sh3eb-elf`, you need to add a
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command-line option `--toolchain=sh3eb-elf`.
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% mkdir build.cg && cd build.cg
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% ../configure --target=fxcg50
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Then build the source and install the library files to the selected directory.
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% make
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% make install
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## Using gint
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To use gint as your runtime environment, the bare minimum is:
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* Build with `-ffreestanding`;
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* Link with `-T fx9860g.ld` and `-lgint-fx` on fx-9860G;
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* Link with `-T fxcg50.ld` and `-lgint-cg` on fx-CG 50.
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If you don't have a standard library such as
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[Memallox's port of newlib](/PlaneteCasio/libc), you also need `-nostdlib`. I
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typically use `-m3 -mb` or `-m4-nofpu -mb` to specify the platform, but that
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may not even be necessary.
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Typically you might want to do this with the [fxSDK](/Lephenixnoir/fxsdk),
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which hides most of the details and makes it easy to roll add-ins.
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